Which of the following is a risk factor for high cholesterol?

Smoking is recognized as a significant risk factor for high cholesterol because it negatively affects lipid metabolism and contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. Smoking can lower levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL), often referred to as "good" cholesterol, while simultaneously raising levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL), the "bad" cholesterol. This imbalance can lead to a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases.

In contrast, high levels of physical activity generally promote better cholesterol levels by increasing HDL and supporting overall heart health. Low body weight is usually associated with lower cholesterol levels and better metabolic health. A diet rich in vegetables contributes essential nutrients and fiber that can help manage cholesterol levels effectively. Therefore, smoking stands out as a clear risk factor when assessing potential contributors to high cholesterol.