What surgical procedure involves the removal of an ovary?

The surgical procedure that specifically involves the removal of an ovary is known as an oophorectomy. This procedure can be performed for various reasons, such as to treat ovarian cysts, endometriosis, malignancies, or as a preventive measure in women at high risk for ovarian cancer. An oophorectomy can be unilateral (removal of one ovary) or bilateral (removal of both ovaries), depending on the clinical situation and the reason for the surgery.

In contrast, other surgical procedures in the question do not relate to the ovaries or their removal. For example, a prostatectomy involves the removal of the prostate gland, which is relevant to male reproductive health. Carotid endarterectomy is performed to reduce the risk of stroke by correcting stenosis in the common carotid artery, and gastric bypass is a weight-loss surgery that alters the digestive system. Each of these procedures serves a distinct purpose and targets different organs, showcasing how oophorectomy is specifically linked to ovarian health.