In a pulmonary examination, what can a doctor assess without using touch?

In a pulmonary examination, observing whether the patient is breathing comfortably can be done visually without the need for physical contact. By looking at the patient, the doctor can assess factors such as the rate and effort of breathing, the use of accessory muscles, and any signs of distress or discomfort. This observation provides valuable information regarding the patient's respiratory status and overall well-being.

Listening to lung sounds, checking for wheezing, and measuring oxygen saturation typically require specific methods that involve using instruments (such as a stethoscope for lung sounds) or devices (like a pulse oximeter for measuring oxygen saturation). Each of these requires direct interaction with the patient or equipment and relies on auditory or technological means rather than solely visual assessment. In contrast, simple observation allows the physician to gather vital information quickly and effectively without any physical examination.